Chronic Kidney Disease Signs and Symptoms: Adaptation to Reductions in Kidney Function
	Objectives
	Patient with CKD
	Patient’s Laboratory Results
	Discussion Focus
	Determinants of GFR
	Adaptation
	Adaptation: Maintenance of Regulation
	Sodium Excretion in CKD
	Mechanisms of Hypertension in CKD
	Chronic Kidney Disease - Adaptation: Slide 11
	Potassium Excretion in CKD
	K Adaptation
	K adaptation: Mechanisms
	Clinical States Associated with Hyperkalemia
	H+ Secretion in CKD
	Chronic Kidney Disease - Adaptation: Slide 17
	Reasons to Treat Metabolic Acidosis in CKD
	Mineral Metabolism
	CKD
	Chronic Kidney Disease - Adaptation: Slide 21
	Prevention of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
	Treatment
	Anemia in CKD
	Adaptation to Anemia
	Other Factors Involved in Development of Anemia in CKD
	Case - Follow-up
	Patient’s Laboratory Results
	Discussion Focus
	The Uremic Syndrome
	Summary

• Chronic Kidney Disease - Progression
• Pathophysiology of Stages of CKD
• Week 12 - Alternative Mechanisms for Negotiating Policy
• Pathophysiology of Stages of CKD
• Pulmonary Defenses