Water Handling and Osmolality
	Water Handling and Osmolality: Slide 2
	Case Presentation
	Case Presentation
	Overview
	Overview
	Osmolality
	Osmolality: Key Clinical Point
	Osmotic Pressure = Tonicity
	Osmotic Pressure
	Body Water and Solute: an example
	Water Handling and Osmolality: Slide 13
	Overview
	Normal Physiology
	Normal Physiology (cont.)
	Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
	Antidiuretic Hormone: Stimuli for Release
	Antidiuretic Hormone
	Antidiuretic Hormone: Stimuli for Release
	Antidiuretic Hormone: Stimuli for Release
	Uosm and ADH
	Uosm, ADH and Solute
	Water Load and Water Deprivation: Physiologic Responses
	Water Handling and Osmolality: Slide 26
	Water Handling and Osmolality: Slide 27
	Water Handling and Osmolality: Slide 28
	Water Handling and Osmolality: Slide 29
	Uosm and ADH
	Overview
	Water Handling and Osmolality: Slide 32
	Causes of Hyponatremia: Elevated ADH
	Causes of Hyponatremia: ADH Suppressed
	Causes of Hyponatremia: Normal or Elevated Plasma Osmolality
	Water Handling and Osmolality: Slide 36
	Causes of Hyponatremia
	Diagnosis in Hyponatremia
	Manifestations of Hyponatremia
	Manifestations of Hyponatremia (cont.)
	Treatment of Hyponatremia: Chronic
	Overview
	Hyperosmolality
	Water Handling and Osmolality: Slide 44
	Causes of Hypernatremia: Hypotonic Fluid Loss
	Causes of Hypernatremia: Hypertonic Sodium Gain
	Neurogenic (Central) Diabetes Insipidus
	Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
	Hyperosmolality: Presentation
	Hyperosmolality: Treatment
	Hyperosmolality: Treatment Central Diabetes Insipidus
	Hyperosmolality: Treatment
	Case Presentation
	Water Handling and Osmolality: Slide 55
	Case Presentation: Causes of Hyponatremia

• OW Project: Introduction to Homeostasis
• Chronic Kidney Disease - Progression
• Sodium Handling and Volume Regulation
• Introduction to Homeostatsis
• Metabolic Acidosis